Sexually Transmitted Infections
STIs can have lifelong physical and psychological consequences. In some cases, if they go untreated, they can cause serious health problems. And yet, the social stigma about STIs keeps many people from talking honestly with their partners – and from getting tested and getting the medical help they need.
STI or STD – What’s the difference?
STD stands for sexually transmitted disease. STI stands for sexually transmitted infection. STI is the broader and more modern term for all diseases and infections that can result from sexual activity. On this web site, we use the term STI.
Exactly what can you “CATCH” by having sex?
There are three groups of STIs: bacterial, viral, and parasites.
Bacterial STIs include gonorrhea and syphilis. These can often be treated and cured if caught early enough.
Viral STIs include HIV, HPV (genital warts), and herpes. They have no cure, but their symptoms can be eased with treatment, and people who have these infections should also take safety measures to reduce the risk of exposing their partners.
Some infections are not “technically” STIs, but they can be spread through close human contact, including sex. The most common ones include:
- Bacterial vaginosis – a bacterial imbalance
- Hepatitis B – a virus
- Molluscum contagiosum – a virus
- Scabies, lice, crabs – parasites
- Trichomoniasis – a parasite
How do you “catch” an STI?
STIs are transmitted from one partner to another partner through close contact and bodily fluids. This means vaginal fluids, semen, blood and saliva. It’s a common misunderstanding that you have to have sexual intercourse to get an STI –that’s just not true. Any contact with the mouth, genitals and/or anus of a person with an STI, can give the STI to his or her partner.
How do you prevent an STI?
Sexual abstinence (not engaging in sexual activity) is the only reliable way to prevent an STI. If you are sexually active, you can reduce STI risks by always using a latex condom and limiting the number of sexual partners you have. To further reduce your chance of getting an STI it is recommended that you:
- Talk openly with your partner about his or her risk for an STI.
- Talk openly about your risk for an STI.
- Get tested for STIs.
- Talk honestly with your partner about STI test results.
- Talk to your partner about the number of sexual partners he or she has had and the number of sexual partners you have had.
How do you know if you have an STI?
Not all STIs include symptoms that are easy to identify; some people don’t see or feel any symptoms at all. That’s one reason STIs are so common – someone can be unaware that they have an infection, and pass it on without realizing it.
So, the only way to know for certain if you’ve been infected is to be tested at a health clinic or doctor’s office.
For more information about protecting yourself from STIs, and about the types and symptoms, testing and treatment, visit www.nakedtruth.idaho.gov
Other sources of STI information:
- Enter your ZIP code to find the nearest HIV and STI testing locations
- HIV/AIDS information
- The federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Web site
- The CDC also has a national STD information hotline (800-227-8922) and a national HIV/AIDS hotline (800-342-AIDS).













